% CST8207 Week 09 Notes -- personal web page, system logging, processes, cron, at; Shell Scripts: header, shebang `#!`, parameters `$0` `$1` `$*` `$@` `$#` % Ian! D. Allen -- -- [www.idallen.com] % Winter 2019 - January to April 2019 - Updated 2019-03-21 01:17 EDT - [Course Home Page] - [Course Outline] - [All Weeks] - [Plain Text] Readings, Assignments, Labs, Tests, and ToDo ============================================ Read (at least) these things (All The Words) -------------------------------------------- 1. [Week 09 Notes HTML] -- this file -- **Read All The Words** 2. [Useful programs] -- file compression: gzip, bzip2, zless; multi-file archiving: tar, zip; file comparison: diff 3. [System Logging] -- log files, kernel messages, /var/log/, dmesg 4. [Processes] -- Jobs, background, foreground, kill, killall 5. [Cron and At] -- delayed and repeated scheduled execution: at, cron, and crontab 6. [Shell Scripts] -- executable lists of commands: `#!`, script header, command arguments and positional parameters: `$1`, `$2`, `$*`, `$@`, `$#` 7. [List of Commands] -- Command names you should know, listed by week 8. [Video Tutorials on Lynda.com] -- tagged by week number 9. [Linux and Sysadmin News in the World] Assignments, Quizzes, and Lab work this week -------------------------------------------- > **Reminder:** There are now two quizzes that you need to complete (five > times each) on Brightspace as part of your term Quiz mark. A third quiz > will be posted before the Final Exam. The Quizzes are *not* optional; see > the [Course Outline]. Check the due date for each assignment and put a reminder in your agenda, calendar, and digital assistant. Just like in the Real World, not all due dates are on the same days or at the same times. - Review last week. Did you do everything assigned last week? - [Assignment #08 HTML] is about disk usage, hard links, and symbolic links - You will find the section **UNUSUAL FILENAMES** helpful in the `man` page for the `find` command. - Do [Worksheet #08 HTML] to prepare for [Assignment #09 HTML] -- setting permissions, mode, `umask`, personal web site - This assignment and material is *not* part of the second midterm test - OPTIONAL: Do Bonus [Assignment #06 HTML] about Midterm #1 - There is a checking program available to check your file format for this bonus assignment, but only people who Read All These Words will know about it. Wrong file format means no marks. *Do not redirect or save the output of this checking program!* - OPTIONAL BUT HIGHLY RECOMMENDED: Read [The VI (VIM) Text Editor] and optionally do the bonus [Assignment #04 HTML]. Real Linux sysadmin all know how to use this text editor. - **Reminder:** You must actually use the VIM editor during the term to get full marks for this bonus assignment. Read All The Words. ### Worksheets Worksheets are preparation for your assignments. You can't do the assignments without having done the worksheets first, and you can't do the worksheets without having first read the Course Notes: 1. Read the web notes. (Please: **Read All The Words**) 2. Do the relevant Worksheet(s). 3. Do the relevant Assignment(s). Make notes from the worksheets on *how each command works*. What do the options used in the worksheets mean, for each command? (See the weekly [List of Commands].) Form a small study group to do the worksheets. Each person tries the example given, and you make sure you all get the same answers. Worksheets are not for hand-in; they are not worth marks; the assignments test your knowledge of the lectures and worksheets. > The worksheets are available in four formats: Open Office (ODT), PDF, HTML, > and Text. Only the Open Office format allows you "fill in the blanks" in > the worksheet. The PDF format looks good but doesn't allow you to type into > the blanks in the worksheet. The HTML format is crude but useful for quick > for viewing online. Do **NOT** open the Worksheet ODT files using any Microsoft products; they will mangle the format and mis-number the questions. Use the free Libre Office or Open Office programs to open these ODT documents. On campus, you can get a copy here: [Course Introduction: Install Libre Office]. Worksheet #06 is for the optional VIM Bonus Assignment (extra credit): - [Worksheet #06 HTML] -- *Optional* Bonus VIM Text Editor Practice - This is an *optional* worksheet for a BONUS assignment using `vim` - Optional command-line VIM tutorial: the `vimtutor` program on the CLS. - Bonus (optional) [Assignment #04 HTML] -- the VIM text editor - Read [The VI (VIM) Text Editor] Worksheet #08 is for [Assignment #09 HTML]. - [Worksheet #08 ODT] -- Linux file system permissions (modes) - This Worksheet is a prerequisite for [Assignment #09 HTML] - [Worksheet #08 PDF] -- PDF version - [Worksheet #08 HTML] -- HTML version - `chmod, ls -lid, umask` Worksheets prepare you for the upcoming assignments. Upcoming tests and exams ------------------------ This course has two midterm tests (10%, 15%) and one final exam (40%). > Note that your upcoming Midterm Test #2 is worth more than five assignments > put together. Don't spend all your time doing an assignment at the expense > of studying the [Practice Tests and Answers] for the Midterm Test. ![Bring your favourite marker to your test] Follow this link to see all your upcoming [Quizzes and Tests]. The dates are also posted on the [Course Home Page] and on [Brightspace CST8207]. For full marks, read the [Test Instructions] (all the words) **before** your midterm tests. 1. First Midterm test: Done. 2. Second Midterm test: 45 minutes; 8am Friday March 22 in your 50-minute lecture class in Week 10. 3. Final Exam: The date is now posted on ACSIS: Tuesday April 23 from 1pm to 4pm in T119. Midterm tests take place in your one-hour lecture class, not in your lab period. Notes from the Classroom ======================== - **Take notes in class!** Keep a pad open on your desk. - In class I showed you how to decode the Mystery Puzzle File that is part of upcoming [Assignment #11 HTML]. - Try the `pstree` and `top` commands. - Don't forget to finish your five Brightspace quiz attempts for each of the Midterm 1 and Midterm 2 quizzes. There is a third quiz available to prepare for the Final Exam. Do at least five attempts in all three quizzes. - Regarding [Assignment #09][Assignment #09 HTML], [Assignment #11][Assignment #11 HTML], and [Assignment #12]: - Material in these assignments is **NOT** on the upcoming second midterm test. - Do not spend time doing these later assignments (3% each) at the expense of studying for your upcoming second midterm test (15%)! Commands Used ------------- > Keep a notebook with a [List of Commands] in it. > > - You need to write down yourself what each command *does*. > - Check the updated list of commands each week. > - I will check for this list in your lab periods. > - Bring your notes to class! Stop wasting time looking up commands. - Are you making notes from the worksheets on how each command works? - What do the options used in the worksheets mean, for each command? - Don't copy and use options that you don't understand! - Know (for the assignment) the three commands that are [directory operations] that manipulate file names; they don't touch the file data and don't need any permissions on the file data. - The `diff` command compares two files: `diff file1 file2` - - - See Also: `vimdiff` and (for a GUI only:) `gvimdiff` - For systems running an X Windows GUI, see also `meld` Don't create files or directories that anyone ("other") can write, except the few required ones in the one [Assignment #09 HTML] `head` directory! You must look at all the files in your account to try to find these files or directories that you have created with "other" write permissions. You can find the files the hard way, using `cd` and `ls`, or you can do it the easy way using a recursive command to look for them: - To search the course notes for a text string, re-read section 4.5.1 of [Assignment #05 HTML], especially item #11 about searching for the text string `world-writable` in all the course notes. - You will be able to identify which course notes web page you should read to find the example showing how to find world-writable files. - Fix the permissions on your files. Remove write permission for "other". Your own personal web page on the CLS ===================================== This is part of [Assignment #09 HTML]. You can do it now, if you Read All The Words. - [Create your own web page!] - You will need to use `chmod 755` on your `public_html` directory. - Your web page will be visible on the Internet using a web browser to access URL `http://cst8207.idallen.ca/~``abcd0001` where *abcd0001* is replaced with your CLS userid. (There is a tilde character in that URL.) - Example: - View [all the Winter 17W class images] - View [all the Fall 17F class images] - View [all the Winter 18W class images] - View [all the Fall 18F class images] - View [all the Winter 19W class images] Who is using the VIM editor? ============================ This page may take a minute or two to load; be patient: [Who is using the VIM editor?] Tutoring ======== Many students find that hiring a personal tutor helps them get through the first term. Financial assistance is available. See the **Tutoring** heading in the [Course Introduction]. SSH and HTTP Attacks on the CLS =============================== You are not paranoid if they really are out to get you! See the [Week 03 Notes HTML] for command pipelines to count the ongoing attacks on the CLS. Locked out of the CLS ===================== When you are locked out, [follow the directions] in the notes to get your IP address re-enabled. ![Take Notes in Class] -- | Ian! D. Allen, BA, MMath - idallen@idallen.ca - Ottawa, Ontario, Canada | Home Page: http://idallen.com/ Contact Improv: http://contactimprov.ca/ | College professor (Free/Libre GNU+Linux) at: http://teaching.idallen.com/ | Defend digital freedom: http://eff.org/ and have fun: http://fools.ca/ [Plain Text] - plain text version of this page in [Pandoc Markdown] format [www.idallen.com]: http://www.idallen.com/ [Course Home Page]: .. [Course Outline]: course_outline.pdf [All Weeks]: indexcgi.cgi [Plain Text]: week09notes.txt [Week 09 Notes HTML]: week09notes.html [Useful programs]: 525_tar_gzip_diff.html [System Logging]: 580_system_log_files.html [Processes]: 600_processes_and_jobs.html [Cron and At]: 630_crontab_at_job_scheduler.html [Shell Scripts]: 700_shell_scripts.html [List of Commands]: 900_unix_command_list.html [Video Tutorials on Lynda.com]: 910_lynda_index.html [Linux and Sysadmin News in the World]: 950_linux_world.html [Assignment #08 HTML]: assignment08.html [Worksheet #08 HTML]: worksheet08.html [Assignment #09 HTML]: assignment09.html [Assignment #06 HTML]: assignment06.html [The VI (VIM) Text Editor]: 300_vi_text_editor.html [Assignment #04 HTML]: assignment04.html [Course Introduction: Install Libre Office]: 050_course_introduction.html#install-libreoffice-or-openoffice-into-windows [Worksheet #06 HTML]: worksheet06.html [Worksheet #08 ODT]: worksheet08.odt [Worksheet #08 PDF]: worksheet08.pdf [Practice Tests and Answers]: 000_practice_tests.html [Bring your favourite marker to your test]: data/sniff_markers.jpg "Bring your favourite marker to your test" [Quizzes and Tests]: 000_quizzes_and_tests.html [Brightspace CST8207]: https://brightspace.algonquincollege.com/d2l/home/117776 [Test Instructions]: 000_test_instructions.html [Assignment #11 HTML]: assignment11.html [Assignment #12]: assignment12.html [directory operations]: 455_links_and_inodes.html [Assignment #05 HTML]: assignment05.html [Create your own web page!]: 000_student_web_site.html [all the Winter 17W class images]: http://cst8207.idallen.ca/montage17w.cgi [all the Fall 17F class images]: http://cst8207.idallen.ca/montage17f.cgi [all the Winter 18W class images]: http://cst8207.idallen.ca/montage18w.cgi [all the Fall 18F class images]: http://cst8207.idallen.ca/montage18f.cgi [all the Winter 19W class images]: http://cst8207.idallen.ca/montage19w.cgi [Who is using the VIM editor?]: http://cst8207.idallen.ca/vim19w.cgi [Course Introduction]: 050_course_introduction.html [Week 03 Notes HTML]: week03notes.html [follow the directions]: 070_course_linux_server.html#getting-locked-out-of-the-server [Take Notes in Class]: data/remember.jpg "Take Notes in Class" [Pandoc Markdown]: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/